中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
一片茶叶 从安溪走向世界****** 安溪,地处闽南金三角泉州、厦门、漳州中间结合部,是中国乌龙茶之乡。“从宋元时期开始,只要船能到的地方,就有安溪的茶。”谈到安溪茶的发展历史,魏月德自豪地说道。 茶农正在茶园采摘茶叶(受访者供图) 作为海上丝绸之路上的常客,中国茶一直是对外重要的中国符号。而安溪铁观音作为乌龙茶中最为璀璨的一颗明珠,也一直在世界的舞台上展示着其独有的魅力。 “安溪县的产茶历史始于唐朝,宋元时期安溪茶叶作为重要的外销商品,通过海上丝绸之路走向世界。至明代中叶,安溪全县已经大面积种植茶叶。清朝雍正年间发现了安溪铁观音这一珍稀茶树品种,20世纪初,安溪铁观音成为畅销东南亚的‘侨销茶’。侨居东南亚各国的安溪人,积极行销家乡的乌龙茶,倡导饮用家乡的乌龙茶。”魏月德介绍。 铁观音母树前的石碑(受访者供图) 七泡有余香,独具观音韵。原产于福建省泉州市安溪县的铁观音,已有300多年的历史。在这里有一个关于铁观音的美丽传说:300年前,魏月德的祖先魏荫发现一株破石而出的茶树,便将此茶树在打石坑压苗繁殖,日后成为了中国最有名的茶之一。 今年5月20日,安溪铁观音茶文化系统被联合国认定为全球重要农业文化遗产。11月29日,在包含铁观音制作技艺的“中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗”被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。传承了300多年的铁观音,如今还在继续发挥属于它的活力,护佑着所有安溪人民,如今安溪铁观音也已成长为安溪的民生产业和富民产业。 魏月德在进行制作工艺中的摇青步骤(受访者供图) “在我们安溪全县茶园面积有60万亩,年产量6.2万吨,涉茶总产值250亿元。安溪茶叶出口日本、东南亚、欧盟等63个国家和地区。很多茶农因茶脱贫,因茶致富。农民纯收入的50%以上来自于茶产业。在我们安溪,茶承载了百万茶乡人的富裕之梦。”今年59岁的魏月德已经与茶打了44年交道了。 从刚开始接触茶时的不喜欢到喜欢到热爱,再到现在肩负传承的使命,魏月德很是感慨。2008年,魏月德被评为国家级非物质文化遗产乌龙茶制作技艺铁观音制作技艺代表性传承人。他也开始把越来越多的精力用在传播铁观音制作技艺和文化上。 魏月德在进行制作工艺中的凉青步骤(受访者供图) “我的一生,只做一件事情,就是铁观音。”为了做好这件事,魏月德用了15年的时间编制出版了《铁观音秘笈》。“我请县文史馆的一个专家帮忙执笔,我口述,他来写。我把祖辈留下来的技艺,和自己半辈子摸索出来的经验,都写到了这本书里。”魏月德用了15年的时间编制出版了《铁观音秘笈》。 除此以外,他还出版《铁观音的前世今生》《魏荫与铁观音》和《魏荫铁观音探源》等著作,为安溪铁观音制作技艺的传承与研究作了不懈努力。 “我不希望铁观音技艺只藏在一个家族的‘秘笈’里,它应该传播向全世界。物质是需要用文字去进行保留的,一个人的保存是会失传的。一个好的东西,要让大家能够分享,能够保存。”魏月德说。对学茶、做茶、爱茶的人,魏月德一向来者不拒,几十年来,徒弟已有数百个,学有所成出师者数名。 魏月德说:“我永远都是一名安溪铁观音茶文化推广的志愿者。只要学茶的人还在,铁观音传统制作技艺的传承就不会中断。”如今,那颗300年的母树依然枝繁叶茂,铁观音茶树也早已遍布全国各地,更从中国走向了世界……(岳沛 靳铃涵) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |